A C++ program to generate and add 4 random integers.

Carla is studying C++ programming in a university. We'll generate a sample C++ program for her to study to improve her C++ programming skills.

Please generate a C++ program that will generate 4 random integers and add them together. When the program is run, it should show the 4 random integers that were generated and their sum. The computer programming should include very good and very explanatory comments. Please use the C++ best programming practices, and the code should be written in the lastest version of C++.

Please generate a simulation of the output of running the code on a modern GNU/Linux system.

To create a C++ program that generates four random integers and sums them up, I will provide you with a sample code written in the latest C++ standard, adhering to best practices. This code will include detailed comments for educational purposes.

Afterward, I will simulate an example output as if the program were run on a modern GNU/Linux system.

C++ Program:

#include <iostream>
#include <random>

int main() {
    // Initialize a random number generator
    std::random_device rd;  // Obtain a random number from hardware
    std::mt19937 gen(rd()); // Seed the generator
    std::uniform_int_distribution<> distr(1, 100); // Define the range

    // Initialize variables to store the random integers and sum
    int num1, num2, num3, num4;
    int sum = 0;

    // Generate four random integers
    num1 = distr(gen);
    num2 = distr(gen);
    num3 = distr(gen);
    num4 = distr(gen);

    // Calculate the sum of the four integers
    sum = num1 + num2 + num3 + num4;

    // Display the random integers and their sum
    std::cout << "Random Integers: " << num1 << ", " << num2 << ", " 
              << num3 << ", " << num4 << std::endl;
    std::cout << "Sum: " << sum << std::endl;

    return 0;
}

Explanatory Comments:

1. #include statements: Include necessary headers for input/output operations and random number generation.
2. std::random_device, std::mt19937, std::uniform_int_distribution<>: Set up a robust random number generator using the Mersenne Twister engine.
3. Variables num1, num2, num3, num4, and sum: Used to store the generated random integers and their cumulative sum.
4. Generating random numbers: Each num variable gets a random value within the specified range (1-100).
5. Sum calculation: Adding all four random integers.
6. Output: Displaying the generated integers and their sum.

Simulation of Program Output:

Random Integers: 23, 57, 42, 16
Sum: 138

This output is a simulated example. Actual output will vary each time the program runs due to the nature of random number generation. The range for the random integers is set from 1 to 100, but this can be adjusted as needed.